Treaties, adaptation, infrastructure, and resilience.
The world has spent decades debating how to cut emissions, but climate impacts are already reshaping daily life. This article argues that adaptation is no longer a secondary climate agenda. It is becoming the real test of whether governments can protect people from heat, floods, food insecurity, water stress and climate risks that can no longer be avoided.
The European Commission’s 2023–2025 GSP+ Monitoring Report acknowledges Pakistan’s progress on climate policy but raises concerns over weak implementation, provincial enforcement gaps, and rising environmental risks.
Punjab plans to expand its “Liquid Tree” initiative, using microalgae-based urban systems to absorb carbon dioxide and support cleaner air in densely built areas where conventional tree planting is difficult.
